Hidroponik, Teknik dan cara menanam Hidroponik serta kebutuhan nutrisi tanaman

Sistem Menanam kini telah banyak dikembangkan di kalangan para petani kini telah terdapat juga sistem baru penanaman dengan hidroponik. Mungkin sebelum kita membahas lebih tentang penanaman hidroponik perlu diketahui juga apa yang dimaksud dengan Hidroponik. Hidroponik secara etimologi berasal dari bahasa Yunani " Hydro" yang diartikan air, dan sedangkan "Ponics" diartikan daya atau merupakan tenaga atau tenaga kerja.

Dengan demikian sistem penanaman Hidroponik memiliki arti menanam dengan menggunakan media air atau tenaga kerja air. Sedangkan untuk hidroponik juga dikenal sebagai soiles culture atau budidaya tanaman yang memanfaatkan air dan tanpa menggunakan tanah sebagai media tanah atau disebut dengan soiles.

Hidroponik untuk pemahaman juga berarti bercocok tanaman dengan memperhatikan kebutuhan nutrisi untuk tanaman dan lebih tepatnya adalah bercocok tanaman dengan menggunakan air, sehingga masyarakat juga sekarang ini telah menyadari pentingnya pupuk yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman karena tanaman akan dapat tumbuh dengan baik apabila nutrisi yang dibutuhkan dapat terpenuhi.

Sedangkan untuk peranan tanah berfungsi sebagai penyangga dari tanaman air yang ada merupakan pelarut nutrisi yang dapat diserap tanaman yang memunculkan beberapa teknik bertanam dengan menggunakan air atau hidroponik dengan penekanan pada kebutuhan nutrisi tanaman. Adapun beberapa macam teknik menanam hidroponik, antara lain:

Teknik menanam Hidroponik dan jenisnya

Nama Teknik Penanaman	Pengertian
Sistem AEROPONIC	Sistem AEROPONIC merupakan system hydroponic yang paling canggih dan mungkin juga memberikan hasil terbaik serta tercepat dalam pertumbuhan dalam berkebun Hydroponic. Hal ini dimungkinkan karena larutan nutrisi ini diberikan atau disemprotkan berbentuk kabut langsung ke akar, sehingga akar tanaman lebih mudah menyerap larutan nutrisi yang banyak mengandung oksigen.Sementara tanaman sangat membutuhkan nutrisi dan oksigen dalam pertumbuhannya.
Sistem Tetes (DRIP SYSTEM)	Sistem Tetes merupakan system hidroponik yang sering digunakan untuk saat ini. Sistem operasinya sederhana yaitu dengan menggunakan timer mengontrol pompa. Pada saat pompa dihidupkan, pompa meneteskan nutrisi ke masing-masing tanaman.Supaya berdiri tegak, Tanaman ditopang menggunakan media tanam lain seperti cocopit, sekam bakar, ziolit, pasir, dll selain tanah.
Sistem NFT (NUTRIENT FILM TECHNIQUE)	Sistem NFT ini adalah cara yang paling populer dalam istilah hidroponik. Sistem NFT ini secara terus menerus mengalirkan nutrisi yang terlarut dalam air tanpa menggunakan timer untuk pompanya. Nutrisi ini mengalir kedalam gully melewati akar-akar tumbuhan dan kemudian kembali lagi ke penampungan air, begitu seterusnya.
Sistem EBB & FLOW SYSTEM	Sistem Ebb & Flow bekerja dengan cara membanjiri sementara wadah pertumbuhan dengan nutrisi sampai air pada batas tertentu, kemudian mengembalikan nutrisi itu ke dalam penampungan, begitu seterusnya. Sistem ini memerlukan pompa yang dikoneksikan ke timer.
Sistem Walter Cultute	Walter Culture merupakan system hidroponik yang sederhana. Wadah yang menyangga tumbuhan biasanya terbuat darai Styrofoam dan mengapung langsung dengan nutrisi. Pompa udara memompa udara ke dalam air stone yang membuat gelembung-gelembung sebagai suply oksigen ke akar-akar tanaman.
Sistem WICK SYSTEM	Wick system ini salah satu system hidroponik yang paling sederhana sekali dan biasanya digunakan oleh kalangan pemula. Sistem ini termasuk pasif, karena tidak ada part-part yang bergerak. Nutrisi mengalir ke dalam media pertumbuhan dari dalam wadah menggunakan sejenis sumbu.

Demikian untuk cara menanam hidroponik beserta jenis teknik menanam semoga bermanfaat dapat memberikan pengetahuan.

Tanaman hias / tanaman hortikultura dan perananya bagi masyarakat ~ Wonogiri Berbagi
Manfaat buah belimbing bagi kesehatan tubuh ~ hortikultura ~ Wonogiri Berbagi

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