Manfaat tanaman jagung Dan varietas Jagung ~ Tani pemai News

Tanaman jagung merupakan salah satu jenis tumbuhan pangan serta biji- bijian yang termasuk dari keluarga rumput, rumput tersebut asal mulanya berasal dari negara Amerika kemudian tersebar ke Asia dan Afrika melalui bisnis orang Eropa ke Amerika. Selain itu, pada abad ke - 16 orang-orang Portugal telah menyebarluaskan tanaman jagung tersebut ke negara Asia salah satunya adalah Indonesia, sedangkan orang Belanda menamakan "mais" dan sedangkan orang Inggris menamakan corn.

nfaat tanaman jagung Dan varietas Jagung ~ Tani pemai News ~ Wonogiri berbagi

Tanaman jagung yang telah beredar dari negara Amerika hingga ke Asia terbagi menjadi beberapa jenis tanaman, berikut ini sistematika tanaman jagung antara lain :

Kingdom : Plantae / tumbuh- tumbuhan

Divisio : Spermatophyta / Tumbuhan berbiji

Sub Divisio : Angiospermae / berbiji tertutup

Classis : Monocotyledone / berkeping satu

Ordo : Graminae / rumput-rumputan

Familia : Graminaceae

Genus : Zea

Species : Zea mays L.

Sedangkan untuk jenis jagung dapat dikelompokan berdasarkan umur dan bentuk biji.

Berdasarkan umur dapat dibagi menjadi 3

Berumur pendek atau genjah

75-90 hari, contoh: Genjah Warangan, Genjah Kertas, Abimanyu dan Arjuna.

Berumur sedang atau tengahan

90-120 hari, contoh: Hibrida C 1, Hibrida CP 1 dan CPI 2, Hibrida IPB 4, Hibrida Pioneer 2, Malin, Metro dan Pandu.

Berumur panjang
Lebih dari 120 hari, contoh: Kania Putih, Bastar, Kuning, Bima dan Harapan.

Menurut bentuk biji, dibagi menjadi 7 golongan:

1. Dent Corn

2. Flint Corn

3. Sweet Corn

4. Pop Corn

5. Flour Corn

6. Pod Corn

7. Waxy Corn

Jenis tanaman Varietas unggul ini memiliki sifat serta beberapa pembagianya lihat tabel berikut ini.

Sifat- sifat Varietas unggul	Varietas Unggul dibedakan menjadi dua

berproduksi tinggi	1. Jagung hibrida
umur pendek	2. varietas jagung bersari bebas
tahan serangan penyakit utama
sifat lain yang menguntungkan
	Varietas jagung yang dikenal antara lain ;
	Abimanyu
	Arjuna
	Bromo
	Bastar kuning
	Bima
	Genjah
	kertas
	harapan
	Harapan baru
	Hibrida C1 / Hibrida Cargil 1
	Hibrida IPB 4
	Kalingga
	Kania putih
	Malin
	Metro
	Nakula
	Pandu
	Parikesit
	Permadi
	Sadewa
	Wiyasa
	Bogor Composite -1

Sedangkan dari pembagian jenis varietas tanaman jagung serta sifatnya memiliki manfaat terhadap manusia serta hewan . Manfaat tanaman jagung di Indonesia merupakan salah satu komoditi tanaman pangan kedua dan sangat penting setelah padi, dan sedangkan urutan bahan pokok pada dunia, jagung pada urutan ke 3 setelah gandum serta padi. Sedangkan untuk daerah Madura tanaman jagung ini telah banyak dimanfaatkan oleh manusia sebagai makanan pokok. Tanaman jagung ini banyak manfaat bagi manusia karena hampir dari seluruh tanaman dapat dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai keperluan.

Lihat tabel berikut ini :

Bagian tanaman jagung	Pemanfaatan
Batang dan daun muda	Pakan ternak
Batang dan daun tua (setelah panen)	pupuk hijau atau kompos
Batang dan daun kering	Kayu bakar
Batang jagung	Lanjaran atau turus
Batang jagung	pulp atau bahan kertas
Buah jagung muda (putren, Jw)	sayuran, bergedel, bakwan, sambel goreng
Biji jagung tua	Pengganti nasi, marning, brondong, roti jagung
	tepung, bihun, Bahan campuran kopi bubuk, biskut
	kue kering, pakan ternak, bahan baku industri bir
	industri farmasi, dextrin, perekat, industri textil

Definisi tanaman pangan dan komoditas pangan

Manfaat buah sukun dan kandungan karbohidrat

Tanaman hias / tanaman hortikultura dan perananya bagi masyarakat

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